The Great Pyramid of Giza is believed to have been built by the ancient Egyptian civilization about 4,500 years ago, but many believe it was built tens of thousands of years ago.
The Great Pyramid is the only ancient wonder of the world that is still (almost) intact, and it was considered a perfect construction, until archaeologists carried out an investigation. New research clearly shows that this pyramid has a small error in construction.
According to the researchers conducting the survey here, there was a construction error that caused one side of the pyramid to be longer than the other.
The team of researchers measured the bottom of this structure and discovered that it was not a perfect square, causing the pyramid to tilt slightly to one side. Led by engineer Glen Dash and Egyptologist Dr Mark Lehner, who came to the conclusion that the western edge of the Great Pyramid is slightly longer than the eastern edge.
Considering the scale of the Great Pyramid, this could be considered a minor error. Despite this minor defect, the researchers believe that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built with an impressive level of precision.
“The bottom of the pyramid is not too square,” said engineer Dash, a member of the research team.
The outer shell is composed of 144,000 enclosing rocks, all of which are polished and flat to 1/100 of an inch (1 inch = 2.54 cm), with a thickness of about 100 inches (254 cm). ) and a mass of about 15 tons per rock. These cover stones reflect sunlight and make the pyramid shine like a diamond. They are no longer there, however, as they were used by the Arabs to build mosques after an earthquake loosened many of them in the 14th century.
It is thought that the original pyramid with the surrounding rocks will act as giant mirrors (4 mirrors) with the ability to reflect light so strongly that it looks like a bright star on the sky. Earth if observed from the Moon. Therefore, the ancient Egyptians called the Great Pyramid “Ikhet”, which means “Glorious Light”. How these stones were transported and assembled into a pyramid remains an unsolved mystery.
In the absence of present-day cover rocks, obtaining accurate measurements of the Great Pyramid will be a real challenge for scientists. Relative size measurements were given by the British Egyptologist Flinders Petrie (1853-1942).
To determine the lengths of the original sides of the Great Pyramid, Dr Lehner and his team searched for traces in the enclosing rocks. They traced the outline of the outer rock layer, which accounts for 54 of the 920 m total length of the pyramid’s circumference today. The researchers discovered 84 markers along the circumference of the original baseline, and from that they were able to collect a line of best fit to then follow. The original baseline surrounds the pyramid with a 95% confidence interval, meaning there is a 95% chance that the original baseline falls somewhere between the two: upper and lower bounds. .
The team used a statistical method called “linear regression analysis” to determine the relative lengths of the sides to be 230,363 m.
However, there is a difference of up to 14.9 cm that makes the western edge of the Great Pyramid of Giza slightly longer than the eastern edge.
Engineer Dash wrote: ‘The figures show that the Egyptians possessed an impressive level of engineering compared to their time. We hope to eventually find out how the Egyptians were able to build pyramids with such precision, in the hope of being able to understand more about their tools and technology. had at hand [at the time]’.
However, many researchers believe that this small error was in fact intentional and not a mere mistake.
To see why, let’s consider the hypothesis of Livio Catullo Stecchini (1913-1979), professor of ancient history at Paterson Teachers College (now William Paterson University). Professor Stecchini has works on the history of science, ancient systems of measurement, and the history of ancient cartography. Professor Stecchini is famous for his numerical theories, which discuss the dimensions of the Great Pyramid.
In the 1960s GS Stecchini wrote about the obvious deviations discovered in the north-south axis of the Great Pyramid and the purpose behind this.
Professor Stecchini said that the bottom of the Great Pyramid was designed slightly differently with a perfect square and that the purpose behind it had something to do with the two numbers π and φ.
As Professor Stecchini once stated, the alignment of the western side of the Great Pyramid was drawn first by the architects, then they sketched the north side so that it was perfectly perpendicular to the western side. However, the east edge was intentionally placed at an angle greater than 3 minutes (1 minute angle equals 1⁄60 degrees), thus forming a larger side.
In other words, the northeast angle measure should be 90° 03′ 00″, instead of 90°. As for the southern side of the Great Pyramid, it is estimated that it has a measure of 30 seconds greater than the right angle (1 second is equal to 1⁄60 minutes), so the southwest corner will have a measure of 90°. 00 ’30. According to GS Stecchini’s analysis, not all sides of the Great Pyramid are built with the same and exact angles.
However, Professor Stecchini also studied a small straight line on the floor of the base of the Great Pyramid, located near the center of the northern edge. Some authors suggest that this is the original north-south axis of the Great Pyramid.
The figures show that the straight line lies at 115,090 m in the northwest corner, and 115,161 m in the northeast corner, so it seems to be a bit far from the center. This typical difference is often seen as a result of human error.
However, Prof. Stecchini concluded that this was not an error. Instead, the north-south axis of the Great Pyramid was intentionally misaligned. Therefore, the pyramid top has also been purposefully offset to the west by about 35.5 mm. Thus, each edge of the Great Pyramid has a slightly different angle from the rest.
It turned out that the difference between the faces of the Great Pyramid allowed for the incorporation of both π and φ in its internal design. The western edge of the Great Pyramid was designed with the number π, while the northern edge was designed with the number φ.
In the past, the theory proposed by Prof. Stecchini was rejected and classified as pseudoscience. However, recent research conducted by engineers Dash and Dr Lehner can in fact prove that the Great Pyramid of Giza is even more ‘perfect’ than we thought.
